The Lok Sabha cleared the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025 with 288 votes in favor and 232 against, a legislative move that has raised concerns over its exclusionary provisions. The act, which has been criticized during Supreme Court hearings for potentially marginalizing Muslims by restricting their participation in Hindu trusts, reflects a contentious policy shift at the highest level of parliamentary decision‐making.

On December 22, 2023, the Lok Sabha passed new telecom and broadcasting bills that grant the union government sweeping powers over censorship, surveillance, and control over digital communication. The bills empower authorities to intercept messages, decrypt encrypted communications, and restrict content under broadly defined terms, raising concerns of curtailing press freedom and instilling self-censorship.

On December 21, 2023, the Lok Sabha quickly passed the Telecommunications Bill, 2023, which, as detailed in The Hindu opinion piece, extends colonial regulation into a digital authoritarian framework. The law enacts provisions that increase state surveillance, weaken communications confidentiality, and favor select private firms under a nationalist narrative, thereby contributing to an authoritarian state structure.

On December 18, 2023, Lok Sabha saw the introduction of the Telecommunications Bill, 2023, which empowers the Central government to take over, manage, or suspend telecom services on grounds of national security. The legislative move has sparked protests from opposition members who view the measure as an authoritarian overreach intended to bypass thorough parliamentary debate.

The Lok Sabha passed three labour codes aimed at enhancing salary security, social security, and workplace conditions for 50 crore workers. The reforms were introduced after extensive consultations, reflecting a significant legislative measure to protect worker rights amid an opposition boycott.

Lok Sabha passed the Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023 amid protests and an opposition walkout. The bill, promoted as safeguarding citizens’ personal data by enforcing measures like data minimization, accuracy and a time limit on data storage, also contains provisions that exempt government processing under certain circumstances, raising concerns about potential state overreach.

The article reports that opposition parties, led by the Congress Party and Rahul Gandhi, have called for a Joint Parliamentary Committee to probe the Adani affair. In response, BJP MPs within the Lok Sabha have been deliberately stalling proceedings by insisting on a pause until Gandhi apologizes for his overseas remarks, actions which contribute to undermining democratic checks and balances and furthering authoritarian objectives.

On 22 September 2020, the Lok Sabha passed three labour bills—the Industrial Relations Code, 2020; the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020; and the Code of Social Security, 2020—via voice vote in the absence of the opposition. The new legislation, while promising to extend social security to unorganised workers, also allows companies with fewer than 300 workers to hire and fire without prior approval, raising concerns about weakening labour protections and sidelining robust democratic debate.